Building structure



March 17, 1931. A. SCHMID BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Aug. 2, 192:!

Patented Mar. 17, 1931 UNITED STATES ALFRED SCHMID, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

BUILDING STRUCTURE Application filed August 2, 1927, Serial No. 216,138, and in Austria October 27, 1926.

This invention relates to a building structure and it has for its object to render possible a building operation which is carried out according to a certain standard, in order to enable the individual parts to be manufactured in the factory or works and transport the same to the place of erection, where the building can be erected without consideration of the condition of the weather and season within a very short time and at the lowest costs.

Without consideration of the material the size of the surfaces or areas have been standardized, so that the individual members of which the walls, ceilings and floors are composed are built up on the principle of the standard-members, that is, that the same either are of the standard size or form a rational multiple of this size. The con- 29 sequence thereof is, that also the usual openings, such as doors, windows and so forth,

are also subjected to this standardizing.

Owing to the latter the members can be exchanged against one another and thereby is rendered possible a large possibility of variation during the erection and also the greatest possible uniformity, as well as an easy mode of manufacture.

These standard-units may consist steel 30 reinforced concrete, clay, wood or any other suitable material, but preferably so-called self-supporting wall, such as plain or solid" web girders, are produced by the union of which is formed a connected'unit.

Thus standard carrying plates of steel, reinforced concrete and the like are formed, which are of such a particular shape, that by combining these units or the multiple of the same self-contained walls are produced, 40 which result in a rigid building. These standard carrying plates may be rigidly con nected with one another by supporting ribs .or webs, which are also standardized and act as means for stiffening the whole construction. These plates are secured to the ribs or webs by means of staggered jointings or by jointing passing right through. The said carrying may be of square, rectangular or polygonal shape in plan view, according to the des red structure.

the latter.

The particular shape of these standard carrying plates is usually such, that the turned up edges act as a means of strengthening against tension, stress and pressure, so that these plates are selfsupporting and in combination form a rigid unit. 7

A further feature of the present invention consists in that on, using steel or another good heat-conducting material for making these carrying plates, the same carry insulating plates in order to protect them against heat, sound and bullets, the said insulating plates resting at the outside of the building, while the carrying plates face the inside of the building. Between the well heat-conducting carrying plates and the insulating plates is included an air-cushion, which considerably increases the effect of. Y

insulation.

The present invention is illustrated by way of example on the accompanying sheet of drawings, in which Fig; 1 shows the application of the standard in a skeleton of the structure. F

Fig. 2 illustrates a standard carrying plate of steel. v

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mounted carrying plates.

Fig. 4 illustrates in front view a self carrying building wall, and Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view of In,the'construction shown in Fig. 1, the

carrying plates of standard size are designated by the character 1 and the application is shown at a. The second size 2, a member of the size of two standard plates 1, is shown at b, the third size is designated by the character 3 and so forth. The window-, doorand staircase openings 0 and d correspond to the third and fourth sizes and are designated by the characters 3 and 4. Also the intermediate carriers are standardized and according to the size are designated by the characters 1, 4 and 5. The whole structure is selfsupporting, that is, a separate plinth or foundation is not necessary.

The following constructions are self-supporting. Fig. 2 shows a standard carrying plate, or

instance of steel, and the same consists of a cup'shaped plate 20 with turned off edges 1", which serve for stiffening and securing the adjacent plates p by means of rivets or screws n, so that by the arrangement side by side of these plates a wall is formed which acts in the manner of a plain or solid web girder. However the plates 77 may be secured also to carriers, which either pass right through the Wall or in staggered relation. In plan view these plates are of square or of any other convenient shape.

Fig. 3 shows in cross-section the construction of such individual members. The

carrying plates 79 are connected with one another either directly at c, or by intermediate carriers On the latter are secured in any convenient manner the insulating plates 73, so that a closed air-compartment Z is formed, which as a means of heat-insulation is of great advantage, because the plates p are disposed towards the inside of the building and the insulating plates i rest at the outside.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a supporting Wall in front View and cross-sectional plan view respectively. In consequence of the provision of self-supporting walls and the combination, a self-supporting building is formed.

I claim l. A superstructure for buildings jcomprising walls consisting of carrying plates which are self-supporting owing to their particular shape, means to connect the plates to one another to form sustaining Walls which act in the manner of solid web girders and combined result in a rigid unit, said plates being formed of heat conducting material and insulating plates secured to the outer faces of the carrying plates.

2. A superstructure for buildings comprising walls composed of plates and vertically and longitudinally extending reinforcing members disposed between certain of the plates, flanges. formed on said plates and members, fastening devices carried by the flanges for engaging flanges of the adjacent plates and members, said plates and members being formed of heat conducting material, and finishing and insulating'covering plates secured to the outer edges of r the flanged plates and reinforcing members and providing air spaces therebetween, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature".

ALFRED SCHMID. 

